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	<title>overwatering &#187; maths</title>
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	<description>Random musings on fish, books and occasionally programming.</description>
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		<title>Ahh, audiophiles</title>
		<link>http://www.overwatering.org/blog/2008/07/ahh-audiophiles/</link>
		<comments>http://www.overwatering.org/blog/2008/07/ahh-audiophiles/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Jul 2008 10:28:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>giles</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[maths]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rant]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.overwatering.org/blog/2008/07/ahh-audiophiles/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve always enjoyed audiophiles; it&#8217;s pretty hard to find a
single group with so much rich potential for mockery. But,
through all my laughter at their talk of high quality digital cables
(they haven&#8217;t heard of error correction perhaps?); through all
the sniggering over their detailed discussions about bit rates when
the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem is a mystery unto them [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve always enjoyed <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audiophile">audiophiles</a>; it&#8217;s pretty hard to find a
single group with so much rich potential for <a href="http://www.cyclesoft.com/Audiophile.html">mockery</a>. But,
through all my laughter at their talk of high quality digital cables
(they haven&#8217;t heard of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_detection_and_correction">error correction</a> perhaps?); through all
the sniggering over their detailed discussions about bit rates when
the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyquist-Shannon_sampling_theorem">Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem</a> is a mystery unto them (What? Perhaps the CD sound frequency of 44.1kHz being
approximately twice the typical highest human-audible frequency is
a coincidence?)</p>

<p>Anyway, for all that I&#8217;ve always just thought it was funny: Ahh,
aren&#8217;t they cute? No knowledge of information theory at all, but here
they are arguing about transmitting bits. Still cute though. Just a geeky hobby, kind of like theology. Theologians and audiophiles arguing about things that aren&#8217;t really
going to have any effect on their lives, that they don&#8217;t understand,
and in the end are all indistinguishable.</p>

<p>And I&#8217;ve always assumed that on some level audiophiles knew just how
ridiculous they were. They&#8217;d never admit it, but there was always
something in there that would prevent them from doing something really
stupid. But, no!</p>

<p>Behold! The <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Denon-AKDL1-Dedicated-Link-Cable/dp/B000I1X6PM">$500 Ethernet Cat-5 cable</a>! And it&#8217;s not even
blue, like a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Cat5.jpg">proper one!</a> And they&#8217;re available used! Some idiot actually bought one of these!</p>

<p>Oh, and please, please, please can an audiophile attempt to defend
this? I won&#8217;t respond, but it&#8217;s always amusing to listen to.</p>
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		<title>What is this Property?</title>
		<link>http://www.overwatering.org/blog/2008/03/what-is-this-property/</link>
		<comments>http://www.overwatering.org/blog/2008/03/what-is-this-property/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Mar 2008 10:53:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>giles</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[comp. sci.]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[maths]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;m not a mathematician, just a computer scientist with an interest in
maths, so please excuse the simplifications and inaccurarcies in
this. I&#8217;m going to describe this with some rigour, but I&#8217;m bound to
get things slightly wrong, please bear with me.

In maths, a function is defined as a relation between the members of
two sets, S and R, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m not a mathematician, just a computer scientist with an interest in
maths, so please excuse the simplifications and inaccurarcies in
this. I&#8217;m going to describe this with some rigour, but I&#8217;m bound to
get things slightly wrong, please bear with me.</p>

<p>In maths, a function is defined as a relation between the members of
two sets, <code>S</code> and <code>R</code>, that produces members of the third set <code>T</code>. Looking
at it another way, the set <code>T</code> is defined by the function. Some
functions, taking two arguments from the same set <code>S</code>, always produce
members of that set <code>S</code>. Addition across the natural numbers is an
example of that: for any two numbers greater than 0, the sum will
always be a number greater than 0. There are many functions that
behave like this.</p>

<p>Functions have properties. A property describes a rule that a function
obeys for given sets of parameters. From a mathematics perspective, these
properties are interesting. For example, addition across the natural
numbers is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative">associative</a>. This means that no matter what order the
parameters to the addition function are arranged, the answer will be
the same: <code>2 + 3 = 3 + 2</code>. Fairly simple and obvious, right? But from
the same property we can also say <code>2 + (5 + (6 + 11)) = (2 + (5 + 6) +
11)</code>. This is interesting because once we know that a function has the
associative property we can arrange the parameters of the function
without changing the meaning: this is useful in proofs.</p>

<p>There are many, many of these properties, and most of the interesting
ones have names: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative">associative</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commutative">commutative</a>,
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributivity">distributive</a>. For the last year I&#8217;ve been trying to find out if
another property I&#8217;ve noticed also has a name.</p>

<p>Take the function <code>minimum</code> across the natural numbers. Given the sets
<code>{4, 6, 100, 1, 43}</code> and <code>{1}</code> <code>minimum</code> gives the same answer: <code>1</code>. The
result of the function minimum is determined by only a single member
of the set, no matter how large the set.</p>

<p>Take the function <code>and</code> across the booleans. Given the set <code>{true,
true, true, false, true}</code> the answer is <code>false</code>. It doesn&#8217;t matter how
many true&#8217;s are in the set, the answer will always be false.</p>

<p>And I&#8217;m sure you can imagine other functions that behave like this. My
question is: does this property have a name, and if it does, what?</p>

<p>If I was more of a mathematician, I&#8217;m sure I could actually describe
this property a lot more accurately. In fact, I&#8217;m not entirely sure
there is a consistent property here, and I have no idea if it&#8217;s
interesting if it does exist. But I notice this often, and it sure
feels like it should have a name.</p>

<p>Functions whose result is determined by a single member of the
parameter set, irrespective of the size of that set: do these have a
common property?</p>
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